手机浏览器扫描二维码访问
第一章18世纪80年代的世界
[1]Saint-Just,Oeuvrescomplètes,II,p.514.
[2]A.Hovelacque,Latailledansuncantonligure.RevueMensuelledel’Ecoled’Anthropologie(Paris1896).
[3]L.DalPane,StoriadelLavorodagliinizidelsecoloXVIIIal1815(1958),p.135.R.S.Eckers,TheNorth-SouthDifferentialinItalianEconomicDevelopment,JournalofEconomicHistory,XXI,1961,p.290.
[5]H.Sée,Esquissed’uneHistoireduRégimeAgraireenEuropeauXVIIIetXIXsiècles(1921),p.184,J.Blum,LordandPeasantinRussia(1961),pp.455—60.
[7]A.Goodwined.TheEuropeanNobilityintheEighteenthCentury(1953),p.52.
[8]L.B.Namier,1848,TheRevolutionoftheIntellectuals(1944);J.VicensVives,HistoriaEconomicadeEspa?a(1959).
[9]StenCarlsson,Stàndssamh?lleochstàndspersoner1700—1865(1949).
[10]PierreLebrunetal.,LarivoluzioneindustrialinBelgio,StudiStorici,II,3—4,1961,pp.564—5.
[11]LikeTurgot(OeuvresV,p.244):‘Ceuxquiconnaissentlamarcheducommercesaventaussiquetouteentrepriseimportante,detraficoud’industrie,exigeleconcoursdedeuxespècesd’hommes,d’entrepreneurs...etdesouvriersquitravaillentpourIecomptedespremiers,moyennantunsalaireconvenu.Telleestlavéritableoriginedeladistinctionentrelesentrepreneursetlesma?tres,etlesouvriersoucompagnons,laquelleestfondésurlanaturedeschoses.’
第二章工业革命
[1]ArthurYoung,ToursinEnglandandWales,LondonSchoolofEconomicsedition,p.269.
[2]A.deToqueville,JourneystoEnglandandIreland,ed.J.P.Mayer(1958),pp.107—8.
[3]AnnaBezanson,TheEarlyUsesoftheTermIndustrialRevolution,QuarterlyJournalofEconomics,XXXVI,1921—2,p.343,G.N.Clark,TheIdeaoftheIndustrialRevolution(Glasgow1953).
[4]cf.A.E.Musson&E.Robinson,ScienceandIndustryinthelateEighteenthCentury,EconomicHistoryReview,XIII.2,Dec1960,andR.E.Schofield’sworkontheMidlandIndustrialistsandtheLunarSocietyIsis47(March1956),48(1957),AnnalsofScienceII(June1956)etc.
[6]W.G.Hoffmann,TheGrowthofIndustrialEconomics(Manchester1958),p.68.
[7]A.P.Wadsworth&J.deL.Mann,TheCottonTradeandIndustrialLancashire(1931),chapterVII.
[8]F.Crouzet,LeBlocusContinentaletl’EconomicBritannique(1958),p.63,suggeststhatin1805itwasuptotwo-thirds.
[9]P.K.O’Brien,BritishIncomesandPropertyintheearlyNineteenthCentury,EconomicHistoryReview,XII,2(1959),p.267.
[11]Baines,HistoryoftheCottonManufactureinGreatBritain(London1835).p.431.
[12]P.Mathias,TheBrewingIndustryinEngland(Cambridge1959).
[13]M.Mulhall,DictionaryofStatistics(1892),p.158.
[14]Baines,op.cit.,p.112.
[15]cf.PhyllisDeane,EstimatesoftheBritishNationalIncome,EconomicHistoryReview(April1956andApril1957).
[16]O’Brien,op.cit.,p.267.
[17]Forthestationarystatecf.J.Schumpeter,HistoryofEconomicAnalysis(1954),pp.570—1.ThecrucialformulationisJohnStuartMill’s(PrinciplesofPoliticalEconomy,BookIV,chapteriv):‘Whenacountryhaslongpossessedalargeproduction,andalargenetincometomakesavingfrom,andwhen,therefore,themeanshavelongexistedofmakingagreatannualadditiontocapital;itisoneofthecharacteristicsofsuchacountry,thattherateofprofitishabituallywithin,asitwere,ahand’sbreadthoftheminimum,andthecountrythereforeontheveryvergeofthestationarystate...Themerecontinuanceofthepresentannualincreaseincapitalifnocircumstancesoccurredtocounteritseffectwouldsufficeinasmallnumberofyearstoreducethenetrateofprofit(totheminimum).’However,whenthiswaspublished(1848)thecounteractingforce-thewaveofdevelopmentinducedbytherailways-hadalreadyshownitself.
[18]BytheradicalJohnWade,HistoryoftheMiddleandWorkingClasses,thebankerLordOverstone,ReflectionssuggestedbytheperusalofMrJ.HorsleyPalmer’spamphletonthecausesandconsequencesofthepressureontheMoneyMarket(1837),theAnti-CornLawcampaignerJ.Wilson,FluctuationsofCurrency,CommerceandManufacture;referabletotheCornLaws(1840);andinFrancebyA.Blanqui(brotherofthefamousrevolutionary)in1837andM.Briaunein1840.Doubtlessalsobyothers.
[19]Baines,op.cit.,p.441.A.Ure&P.L.Simmonds,TheCottonManufactureofGreatBritain(1861edition),p.390ff.
[20]Geo.White,ATreatiseonWeaving(Glasgow1846),p.272.
[21]M.Blaug,TheProductivityofCapitalintheLancashireCottonIndustryduringtheNineteenthCentury,EconomicHistoryReview(April1961).
[22]ThomasEllison,TheCottonTradeofGreatBritain(London1886),p.61.
[23]Baines,op.cit.,p.356.
[24]Baines,op.cit.,p.489.
[25]Ure&Simmonds,op.cit.,Vol.I,p.317ff.
[26]J.H.Clapham,AnEconomicHistoryofModernBritain(1926),p.427ff.;Mulhall,op.cit.pp.121,332,M.Robbins,TheRailwayAge(1962),p.30—1.
[28]Mulhall,op.cit.501,497.
[29]L.H.Jenks,TheMigrationofBritishCapitalto1875(NewYorkandLondon1927),p.126.
[30]D.Spring,TheEnglishLandedEstateintheAgeofCoalandIron,JournalofEconomicHistory,(XI,I,1951)
[32]AlbertM.Imlah,BritishBalanceofPaymentsandExportofCapital,1816—1913,EconomicHistoryReviewV(1952,2,p.24).
娱乐至死 哈布斯堡的灭亡:第一次世界大战的爆发和奥匈帝国的解体 剑桥美国史 好想痛痛快快哭一场 征服者:葡萄牙帝国的崛起 漫步暗黑之夜 第三部 by 圈圈猫 米开朗琪罗与教皇的天花板 剑桥德国史 大清棋局:明亡清兴卷 贾志刚说春秋之七·孔子世家 海盗共和国:骷髅旗飘扬、民主之火燃起的海盗黄金年代 禽满四合院之哪个有我禽 极品掌柜 雍正帝:中国的独裁君主 王国与权力:震撼世界的《纽约时报》 美第奇家族的兴衰 网游之蛮族大帝 三国全史 三夫逼上门:夫人请娶 你一定爱读的极简中国史
赵敏的娇蛮狐媚周芷若的举止优雅小昭的温柔体贴不悔的秀丽美艳蛛儿的任性刁蛮 一梦醒来,该是倚天屠龙的另一个新主角上场了...
魔族强势,在人类即将被灭绝之时,六大圣殿崛起,带领着人类守住最后的领土。一名少年,为救母加入骑士圣殿,奇迹诡计,不断在他身上上演。在这人类六大圣殿与魔族七十二柱魔神相互倾轧的世界,他能否登上象征着骑...
一个现代人,来到了古代,哇噻,美女如云呀,一个一个都要到手,战争阴谋铁血一揽众美,逍遥自来快乐似神仙本书集铁血与情感于一身为三国类中佳品。...
唐门外门弟子唐三,因偷学内门绝学为唐门所不容,跳崖明志时却现没有死,反而以另外一个身份来到了另一个世界,一个属于武魂的世界,名叫斗罗大6。这里没有魔法,没有斗气,没有武术,却有神奇的武魂。这里的每个人,在自己六岁的时候,都会在武魂殿中令武魂觉醒。武魂有动物,有植物,有器物,武魂可以辅助人们的日常生活。而其中一些特别出色的武魂却可以用来修炼并进行战斗,这个职业,是斗罗大6上最为强大也是最荣耀的职业魂师当唐门暗器来到斗罗大6,当唐三武魂觉醒,他能否在这片武魂的世界再铸唐门的辉煌?他能否成为这个世界的主宰神...
生长于孤儿院的少年刘翰和几女探险时偶得怪果奇蛇致使身体发生异变与众女合体并习得绝世武功和高超的医术为救人与本地黑帮发生冲突得贵人相助将其剿灭因而得罪日本黑道。参加中学生风采大赛获得保送大学机会。上大学时接受军方秘训后又有日本黑龙会追杀其消灭全部杀手后又参加了央视的星光大道和青歌大赛并取得非凡成绩。即赴台探亲帮助马当选总统世界巡演时与东突遭遇和达赖辩论发现超市支持藏独向世界揭露日本称霸全球的野心为此获得诺贝尔和平奖而在颁奖仪式上其却拒绝领奖主人公奇遇不断出现艳遇连绵不...
我的新书遮天上传了,不一样的震撼与精彩,请各位书友支持。—一个死去万载岁月的平凡青年从远古神墓中复活而出神墓简体版图书共14集已经全部发行,繁体版实体书共47集也已经发行完毕。神墓已改编成网游神墓OL,敬请关注...